Art Crystal
Questions on religious art and architecture?
Hey there people, I need to know the answers to the following questions…
1. What are some significant architectural differences between Early Christian House Churches and Basilica churches like the Santa Sabina.
2. What are some significant differences between Michelangelo’s Basillica and the Crystal Cathedral?
3. What are some significant differences between the Good Shepard statue and the Pieta statue?
And any reasons for any number of these differences/changes.
Thanks very much!
Early Christian art and architecture, works of art exhibiting Christian themes and structures designed for Christian worship created relatively soon after the death of Jesus. Most date from the 4th to the 6th cent. A.D. See also Christian iconography under iconography.
Earliest Works
Little is known about Christian art in the first two centuries after the death of Jesus. Among the earliest manifestations extant are the early 3d-century paintings on the walls of the catacombs in Rome. Whereas the style resembles that of secular Roman wall painting, the subject matter consists mainly of biblical figures. Jonah, Daniel, and Susanna appear in scenes of miracles through divine intervention. Among the motifs that symbolized the hope of resurrection and immortality are the fish and the peacock. Following the official recognition of Christianity after the Edict of Toleration (313), the scope of Early Christian art was radically enlarged.
Mosaics and Manuscript Illumination
Elaborate mosaic narrative cycles covered the upper walls, triumphal arch, and apse of basilican churches (see basilica. Some are preserved in Santa Maria Maggiore and Santa Pudenziana in Rome and Sant’Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna. The use of gold backgrounds heightens the effect of otherworldliness and transcendence. In contrast to paganism, the Christian faith was bound by the authority of sacred writings, and it placed increasing importance on the production of books and their illumination. Some fragments of the biblical text, written in silver and gold on purple vellum and sumptuously illuminated, are still preserved (see illumination). Foremost of these is the Vienna Genesis, a manuscript of the first half of the 6th cent.
Sculpture
The sculpture of the stone sarcophagus was extensively practiced in Roman art and was continued into the Christian era. In some cases subjects similar to those of the catacombs were used. In others, scenes of the life of Jesus or more ceremonious compositions were created, showing the enthroned Christ receiving the homage of the apostles. In addition, ivory carvers decorated book covers and reliquary caskets or larger objects, such as the throne of Maximianus in Ravenna, a work of the 6th cent.
Architecture
Before the legal recognition of the new faith in the early 4th cent., Christian places of worship were of necessity inconspicuous and had no fixed architectural form. Afterward, however, imposing cult edifices were erected in many parts of the Roman Empire, especially in its major cities, Rome, Constantinople, Milan, Antioch, and Ravenna. Early Christian builders adapted structures that had long been used in the Hellenistic and Roman worlds. The basilican hall, consisting of a nave flanked by lower aisles and terminated by an apse, was adopted as the standard structure in Christian congregational worship. Sant’Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna and Santa Sabina in Rome still survive as largely unaltered examples of this type.
In Early Christian architecture a distinct emphasis was placed on the centralized plan, which was of round, polygonal, or cruciform shape. Baptisteries and memorial shrines (martyria) were based on the traditionally centralized Roman funerary monument. Martyria were erected on sites connected with certain events in the life of Jesus and other places held to be sanctified by the sacrifice of the martyrs. In such buildings as Saint Peter’s in Rome and the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, the martyrium structure and basilica were combined, creating a new formal synthesis of great significance for the religious architecture of the medieval period.
Eastern Traditions
A distinct type of Christian art and architecture was evolved in Egypt (see Coptic art). In the eastern part of the Roman Empire the development of the Early Christian tradition was continued under the auspices of the Byzantine emperors (see Byzantine art and architecture).
Bibliography
See R. Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture (1965); J. Beckwith, Early Christian and Byzantine Art (1970).
Christian art is art produced in an attempt to illustrate, supplement and portray in tangible form the principles of Christianity, though other definitions are possible. Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, although some have had strong objections to some forms of religious image, and there have been major periods of iconoclasm within Christianity. Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the commonest subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations. Images of the Virgin Mary and saints are much rarer in Protestant art than that of Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
How great thou art
|
|
Darice 35745, Knife and Server Set, Faux Crystal $3.75 Victoria Lynn Wedding: Cake Knife and Server Set. This gorgeous set is perfect for engraving and keeping as a memento or passing on from generation to generation. This knife and server set features stainless steal blades, matching clear faux crystal handles and measure (knife)13x 1″ and 11″ x 2in…. |
|
|
Cuisinart Elite Collection Food Processor $500.00 All-inclusive food processor from Cuisinart surpasses all other brands with the speed, multiple-performance and precision that has made Cuisinart the internationally-acclaimed brand of choice for gourmet chefs. Powerful 1,000 watt motor starts with touchpad control operation. Pulses or kneads dough with a simple press of a button. Two interchangeable discs, plus two interchangeable blades, let you… |
|
|
Fred and Friends Unzipped-Bag-Shaped Hand-Blown Glass Bowl $15.76 Add a hint of playful flair to any setting with help from this eye-catching bowl. A fun way to display candies, mixed nuts, chocolates, and other by-the-handful treats, the unique vessel–cleverly shaped like an unzipped disposable plastic bag–makes an unexpected and appealing contemporary accent at home or at the office. The petite bowl also serves as an organized way to store and display everyd… |
|
|
Labyrinth [Blu-ray] $7.45 No description available for this title.Item Type: BLU-RAY DVD MovieItem Rating: PGStreet Date: 09/29/09Wide Screen: yesDirector Cut: noSpecial Edition: noLanguage: ENGLISHForeign Film: noSubtitles: noDubbed: noFull Frame: noRe-Release: noPackaging: Sleeve… |
|
|
Funhouse $5.08 All products are BRAND NEW and factory sealed. Fast shipping and 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed…. |
Tags: art, art crystal city, art crystal limited, art crystal ltd, art crystal ltd woodridge, art crystallography, design, graphics, icons, photography
manifesting | admin | 
May 31, 2011 9:16 pm | 
Comments (0)
Subscribe
